Stalk Rot Diseases of Corn-174 Anthracnose Stalk Rot Anthracnose stalk rot is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola. Affected plants have shredded pith and die prematurely. Foliar symptoms closely resemble those of other foliar diseases of corn, making field diagnosis difficult. The causal pathogen of anthracnose leaf blight also produces a stalk rot and top dieback. Yield losses can approach 40% and up to 80% lodging has been observed in fields with severe levels of anthracnose. In Nebraska, leaf blight lesions first appear in early-to-mid June. Affected plants have a foul odor. Phytopathology, 1983. Common factors make corn susceptible to stalk rot including warm and wet weather, stress after pollination, fertility issues, stalk boring insects, and the presence of other foliar diseases. This fungus is an aggressive pathogen of corn and is one of the few stalk rot pathogens that frequently causes disease prior to senescence. Anthracnose can be found in corn produced in Delaware and can pose problems to local growers. Thus a field where anthracnose leaf blight is prevalent may not have stalk rot issues at the end of the season if the hybrid has resistance to the anthracnose fungus. Anthracnose stalk rot can also cause a leaf disease and is a common cause of top rots in corn. 3. Disease development may result in plant lodging, reduced ability to harvest and yield reduction. Stalk Rot Diseases of Corn-174 Anthracnose Stalk Rot Anthracnose stalk rot is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola. These top dieback symptoms are actually a phase of the stalk rot disease. This project will develop new sources of anthracnose stalk rot resistance in corn for use by the seed industry. Resistance to other stalk rots such as those caused by Gibberella spp. Anthracnose leaf blight and stalk rot of corn, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, is a disease of worldwide importance. Anthracnose can be found on all parts of corn throughout the growing season. In addition, we find that managing all the other agronomic factors in your field leads to healthier plants and fewer diseases. Rotate away from corn for one to two years, especially in no-till fields. Resistance to seedling leaf blight does not guarantee resistance to anthracnose stalk rot. Anthracnose in corn can be present as leaf blight, top die-back, or stalk rot. Confirmation of the disease by sending samples to your local diagnostic clinic is useful in making hybrid selections. A balanced soil fertility will help plants resist infection. Anthracnose stalk rot of corn. Fields should be scouted for stalk rots a few weeks before corn approaches maturity. In more advanced stages the disease can cause the development of black lesions on the outside of the stalk. It causes decay of the first internode above the soil. ... Corn - Anthracnose VS Northern Corn Leaf Blight - Duration: 13:16. The first symptoms of anthracnose leaf blight are water-soaked, oval lesions with tan centers and reddish-brown borders. 73(9): p. 1344-1344. A second flush of foliar symptoms may be noticed on upper foliage after tasseling in some hybrids. Anthracnose Stalk Rot and Top Die-Back Back To Results Email Tweet. They reduce grain fill, stalk integrity, and accelerate senescence. When this happens, it is referred to as anthracnose top dieback. Lush growth is often structurally weak and easily invaded by fungi. Spores that are rain-splashed to seedlings cause primary infections. In more advanced stages the disease can cause the development of black lesions visible on the outside of the stalk (Figure 5) and is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola. IPM-2 Kentucky IPM Manual for Corn The most common cause of sweet corn with rotting stalks is a fungal disease known as anthracnose stalk rot. The disease spores can be easily spread with wind and rain at multiple times during the season. Yield losses can approach 40% and up to 80% lodging has been observed in fields with severe levels of anthracnose. Avoid corn-after-corn rotations, particularly if the field has a history of anthracnose. This same fungus also causes Anthracnose leaf blight, although the presence of one does not necessarily indicate presence of the other. Symptoms. Select hybrids with good stalk strength and stay green ratings. Insect pressure and foliar diseases can reduce photosynthetic area, resulting in the plant remobilizing an excessive quantity of carbohydrates to the ear during grain fill. Plant Disease, 1983. Anthracnose leaf blight and stalk rot of corn, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, is a disease of worldwide importance. 1) has been readily apparent for Wisconsin corn growers this season. Anthracnose Stalk Rot Colletotrichum graminicola causes several anthracnose diseases of corn including stalk rot, top dieback, and foliar and seedling diseases. Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, has been discovered in some local corn fields.In particular, fields that had stress earlier in the season and have currently been … Yield losses can approach 40% and up to 80% lodging has been observed in fields with severe levels of anthracnose. Croskey, and R.I. Carruthers, Synergism between Colletotrichum graminicola and European corn borer in stalk rot of corn in New York. 3) Top dieback caused by the anthracnose pathogen is characterized by yellowed, purple, or dead/dying flag leaves on plants scattered throughout the field. Lesions can enlarge up to 5 inches to 6 inches long and may join and blight the entire leaf, causing it to die late in the growing season. A number of fungal pathogens cause stalk rot, but the three most important in Ohio are Gibberella, Collectotrichum (anthracnose), and Fusarium. To look for Anthracnose stalk rot (ASR) we need to take a step back into the growing season. Anthracnose stalk rot is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, which can also cause a leaf disease and is a common cause of top rot or dieback disease of corn. The disease spores can be easily spread with wind and rain at multiple times during the season. Usually the agent that causes the stalk rot and the leaf blight disease will be totally two different agents. If the stalk of the top is split, the pith will often appear discolored and rotted in the upper internodes. The most conspicuous feature is the presence of black structures with spines, which are characteristic of C. graminicola. After the V6 stage the foliar phase of the disease can be greatly reduced in some hybrids because of the accumulation of defensive chemicals in leaves. References and Additional Information. While leaf blight indicates that the pathogen is present in a field, it does not mean that the stalk rot phase will occur; however, if the leaf blight phase is present monitor fields for the development of stalk rot. Affected plants will fall when pushed and stalks can be squeezed easily between the thumb and forefinger. Photo by C. Drake Virginia University. Disease Development Anthracnose is caused by the fungus Colletotirchum graminicola which overwinters on corn residue. 2) With the aid of a hand lens or microscope fungal structures can be observed. Timing: Anthracnose stalk rot infection can occur Anthracnose can infect corn at any point in the growing season, but infection is favored by cloudy, warm, and However, the best chance you have at reducing ASR in your corn this year is to look for corn hybrids with increased levels of tolerance or even resistance to the disease. 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