New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article He also shot a documental film about his journey, which he called "The Cruellest Journey". Pierre Ponti also carried a typewriter with him and sent articles to the newspapers along the way. Considerable evidence indicates that about 600,000 years ago, humans inhabited what has since become the desolate Sahara of northern Niger. The Niger River Basin, stretching from the highlands of Guinea down to the delta in Nigeria provides vital stopover sites for millions of migratory birds. Different parts of the country remained ruled over by various tribes, and by the 19th century the city of Zinder had become an important hub. We have one open question: Who discovered the River Niger? In a process known as desertification, around 2,000 years ago the habitat changed, and the inhabitants of Niger were forced to become nomadic, an indigenous culture that still remains today. Capital: Niamey Population: 23,310,715 Brief History of Niger: The area that is today the country of Niger has been inhabited for thousands of years. The area was the British Oil Rivers Protectorate from 1885 until 1893, when it was expanded and became the Niger Coast Protectorate. Like the Nile, the Niger floods yearly; this begins in September, peaks in November, and finishes by May.[1]. Actually, Niger was amongst the last of African nations to be colonized by Europeans, but even after WWI the age of empire was alive and the French had vested interests in the natural resources that Niger held. Almost immediately, because of the power vacuum left behind once the French had departed, Niger succumbed to brutal military rule for the next 30 years until 1991. This, and also the drop in demand for uranium since the 1960s, prior to this a lucrative export for the country, have kept Niger poor. Later in history, one of the great empires of Africa called the Songhai expanded into modern day Niger, as far as Agadez, until its collapse in 1591. By the time the Niger River reaches Burkina Faso, the waters are highly polluted and certainly unsafe to drink. It is based in Niamey and works in both French and English. Niger is no different, with around 90 percent of the population being Muslim. While the economy deteriorated over the course of the transition, certain accomplishments stand out, including the successful conduct of a constitutional referendum; the adoption of key legislation such as the electoral and rural codes; and the holding of several free, fair, and nonviolent nationwide elections. The native-born population calls the river differently. According to one probable of the versions, its name comes from the Latin word “niger”, which means "black". Its drainage basin is 2,117,700 km² in area. Art, Music, Literature, Sports and leisure. It was only with the 18th-century visits of Mungo Park, who travelled down the Niger River and visited the great Sahelian empires of his day, that Europeans correctly identified the course of the Niger and extended the name to its entire course. On 16 April 1993 Mahamane Ousmane was elected president, leader of the Convention Démocratique et Sociale (CDS, Democratic and Social Convention). But the Arab traders were following even more ancient routes that existed before the Sahara was a desert. Cloudflare Ray ID: 5e4bb2c2f9c09cdc The environmental devastation associated with the industry and the lack of distribution of oil wealth have been the source and/or key aggravating factors of numerous environmental movements and inter-ethnic conflicts in the region, including recent guerrilla activity by the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND). …. Lander with his brother reached Bussang by land, came down from there downstream and, having sailed a path of 900 km, reached the Guinea Bay. we respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously, Your email address will not be published. Niger or the Niger, officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in West Africa named after the Niger River. In addition to conferring French citizenship on the inhabitants of the territories, the 1946 French constitution provided for decentralization of power and limited participation in political life for local advisory assemblies. Many scientists, travelers and geographers tried to research the Niger, some of them even forfeit their lives. Although French efforts at pacification began before 1900, dissident ethnic groups, especially the desert Tuareg, were not subdued until 1922, when Niger became a … The Niger Basin Authority is an intergovernmental organization in West Africa aiming to foster cooperation in managing and developing the resources of the Niger River Basin. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here: The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia: Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. The river becomes navigable to small vessels again at Labbezanga—from which it flows into Niger—and continues to be navigable to the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the natural gas extracted in oil wells in the Delta is immediately burned, or flared, into the air at a rate of approximately 2.5 billion cubic feet per day.
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